Weather

Weather is an in-game phenomenon that mimics a Trainer's real-world weather experience. The current weather is reflected in the Map View and capture phase. Weather conditions make Pokémon of certain types to:
 * appear more frequently in wild
 * be at least level 6 and IV floor of 4/4/4 in wild
 * be level 25 and 13 in the Bonus Challenge of Raid Battle and Team GO Rocket respectively
 * award 1.25x Stardust when captured

Attacks of boosted types are more 20% effective in Gym and Raid Battles, even if the user is not those types.

Types of weather
There are seven types of weather conditions that occur in-game.

Extreme
If the weather outside is too dangerous, the game will issue a severe weather alert to notify the Trainer that they should seek shelter. It is an add on to the current weather.

Full weather image:

Sky
A real-time sky mechanic that mimics Trainers sky light based on their geographical location is available since July 2021.

Niantic considers to be full moon very close to real world full moon:
 * Nov, 2022 2 p.m. to Nov , 2022 6 a.m. (local time)
 * Dec, 2022 6 p.m. to (UTC+14:00)

During certain events from Season of Light, several galaxies appeared on the sky.

Weather-based spawns

 * Castform
 * Normal form - Partly Cloudy, Windy and Cloudy Weather
 * Sunny form - Sunny/Clear Weather
 * Rainy form - Rainy Weather
 * Snowy form - Snowy and Foggy Weather
 * Cherrim
 * Overcast form - All Weather except Sunny/Clear
 * Sunshine form - Sunny Weather
 * Cryogonal - Snowy Weather

Weather-based Evolution
Some Pokémon can only evolve during particular weather.
 * Rainy (or Rainy Lure Module)
 * Sliggoo into Goodra
 * Daytime
 * Eevee into Espeon, also walk 10 km and evolved as Buddy Pokémon
 * Tyrunt into Tyrantrum
 * Yungoos into Gumshoos
 * Rockruff into Midday Lycanroc
 * Fomantis into Lurantis
 * Cosmoem into Solgaleo
 * Nighttime
 * Eevee into Umbreon, also walk 10 km and evolved as Buddy Pokémon
 * Amaura into Aurorus
 * Rockruff into Midnight Lycanroc
 * Cosmoem into Lunala
 * Nighttime and full moon
 * Ursaring into Ursaluna

Trivia

 * This feature was announced along with Pokémon from Hoenn region on December, 2017, and released two days later.
 * Several weather conditions like Rain, Wind or Snow causes respective visual effects in Pokémon encounter screen.
 * Pokémon boosted by weather conditions appear with additional spinning, pale-blue rings beneath them in the Map View when they spawn.
 * That ring overrides the pink ring beneath lured Pokémon.
 * The same Pokémon spawn's CP level and IV will be updated as the weather changes. If the Trainer enters encounter screen before weather changes, the Pokémon will have originally spawned stats even if they are caught after weather changes.
 * This is possibly bugged for the once-per-day person Pokémon spawn, which seems to have its CP change according to weather, but reverts to original when caught.
 * Weather boost for raid captures is determined when you first enter the raid. This is retained if the capture screen is entered after the weather changes, or even if you fail your first attempt at the raid and re-try after the weather changed.
 * Before the release of the Sinnoh Pokémon, weather had a higher effect on the rate at which Pokémon appeared.
 * The weather attack bonus can be stacked with shadow bonus.
 * If a Remote Raid Pass is used to join a raid invite from far away, at the capture screen, the Gym's weather would be used instead of the Trainer's location.
 * Unlike, Generation VIII games of main series in Pokémon GO, Fairy type is boosted with a cloudy weather instead of foggy one.